Биография Георгия Жукова на английском языке
Здесь вы можете прочитать биографию Георгия Жукова на английском языке.
Georgy Zhukov (01.12.1996 — 18.06.1974) — Soviet military.
Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov was a well-known Soviet military leader and one of the bravest people. Four times he was acknowledged as the Hero of the Soviet Union. Apart from that in the postwar years people called him “Marshall of the Victory”. He always wore a great number of honorable medals. Zhukov was born in one small village of Kaluga region on November 19, 1896. His parents were simply peasants.
When he was 18 years old, he joined the army and it was a very important event for him. Since then he never parted with the army. Basically, he dedicated all his life to military service. In 1916 he was enrolled in the training and then promoted to a junior non-commissioned officer. While at the regiment he took part in numerous battles and received several merits. In the autumn of the same year he was badly wounded and taken to a military hospital in Kharkov.
After that he joined the Red Army. Being commissioned to Belorussia, he became the Deputy Commander and then the General of the Army. His military career was developing impressively rapidly. From now on he led an active policy recognizing the drawbacks of the staff and fixing them. He prepared a well-trained army for the war.
A lot had been done by him to save the situation at the field of war. While Leningrad was in danger he was appointed as the Commander of its front and then of the capital. Thanks to his strategies the cities were fully freed. In 1943, as the most important milestone in his biography, Zhukov was appointed the Marshall of the Soviet Union. What else could be more honorable for the person who dedicated his life to military service!
In May 1945, Berlin was captured under Zhukov’s command. And he was the one to take the official surrender from Germany. People said the art of war was in his blood. It could be seen in his rational approach and concrete analysis of the situation. His decisions were always original and thus unexpected for the enemy. He was considered a real pioneer of strategic military operations. However, many of his ideas were left unfulfilled.
In 1958 he retired, but was still rather active. Marshall wrote a book about his life and experiences at the front. It was the book of memoirs, which he dedicated to all those who fought for the freedom of nation. Zhukov died in June 1974 and was buried in Moscow. The great leader was married officially twice. He had three beloved daughters — Era, Ella, Mary. One of his daughters wrote and published a book about her heroic father in 2006.
Georgy Zhukov Biography
Born In: Zhukov, Kaluga Oblast
Georgy Zhukov was a notable Soviet military commander during World War II who played a vital role in the defeat of Axis Powers. Born into a peasant family, he was conscripted into the Russian Imperial Army during World War I. Afterwards he joined the Red Army and served as a cavalry commander during the Russian Civil War. He rose steadily through the military ranks and was later sent to command the forces in Mongolia where he directed an effective counterattack to defeat the Japanese army. Impressed by his leadership, Stalin appointed Zhukov the chief of the army general staff before the German forces invaded Soviet Union in the World War II. Subsequently, Zhukov directed the defense of the city of Moscow and organized a counter-attack against the Germans that drove them back from central Russia. After being appointed deputy commander-in-chief of the Red Army, Zhukov took charge of the defense of Stalingrad where he supervised the encirclement and surrender of the German Sixth Army. Following the defeat of the Germans at the Battle of Kursk, Zhukov led the final Soviet assault on Germany and captured Berlin, becoming a Soviet national hero. However, his popularity threatened Stalin and as a consequence, Zhukov faced a series of demotions. After Stalin’s death, Zhukov returned to favor and became minister of defense but later fell out after an argument with Nikita Khrushchev. After being forced out of the government, Zhukov stayed away from politics until his death
Georgy Zhukov
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.
Georgy Zhukov, in full Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov, (born December 1 [November 19, Old Style], 1896, Kaluga province, Russia—died June 18, 1974, Moscow), marshal of the Soviet Union, the most important Soviet military commander during World War II.
Having been conscripted into the Imperial Russian Army during World War I, Zhukov joined the Red Army in 1918, served as a cavalry commander during the Russian Civil War, and afterward studied military science at the Frunze Military Academy (graduated 1931) as well as in Germany. He rose steadily through the ranks, and as head of Soviet forces in the Manchurian border region he directed a successful counteroffensive against Japanese forces there in 1939.
During the Winter War, which the Soviet Union fought against Finland at the outset of World War II, Zhukov served as chief of staff of the Soviet army. He was then transferred to command the Kiev military district and in January 1941 was appointed chief of staff of the Red Army. After the Germans invaded the Soviet Union (June 1941), he organized the defense of Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and was then appointed commander in chief of the western front. He directed the defense of Moscow (autumn 1941) as well as the massive counteroffensive (December 1941) that drove the Germans’ Army Group Centre back from central Russia.
In August 1942 Zhukov was named deputy commissar of defense and first deputy commander in chief of Soviet armed forces. He became the chief member of Joseph Stalin’s personal supreme headquarters and figured prominently in the planning or execution of almost every major engagement in the war. He oversaw the defense of Stalingrad (late 1942) and planned and directed the counteroffensive that encircled the Germans’ Sixth Army in that city (January 1943). He was named a marshal of the Soviet Union soon afterward. Zhukov was heavily involved in the Battle of Kursk (July 1943) and directed the Soviet sweep across Ukraine in the winter and spring of 1944. He commanded the Soviet offensive through Belorussia (summer-autumn 1944), which resulted in the collapse of the Germans’ Army Group Centre and of German occupation of Poland and Czechoslovakia. In April 1945 he personally commanded the final assault on Berlin and then remained in Germany as commander of the Soviet occupation force. On May 8, 1945, he represented the Soviet Union at Germany’s formal surrender. He then served as the Soviet representative on the Allied Control Commission for Germany.
Upon Zhukov’s return to Moscow in 1946, however, his extraordinary popularity apparently caused him to be regarded as a potential threat by Stalin, who assigned him to a series of relatively obscure regional commands. Only after Stalin died (March 1953) did the new political leaders, wishing to secure the support of the army, appoint Zhukov a deputy minister of defense (1953). He subsequently supported Nikita Khrushchev against the chairman of the Council of Ministers, Georgy Malenkov, who favoured a reduction in military expenditures. When Khrushchev forced Malenkov to resign and replaced him with Nikolay Bulganin (February 1955), Zhukov succeeded Bulganin as minister of defense; at that time he was also elected an alternate member of the Presidium.
Zhukov then undertook programs to improve the professional calibre of the armed forces. Because this effort involved a reduction in the role of the party’s political advisers and, consequently, in the party’s control of the army, his policies brought him into conflict with Khrushchev. Nevertheless, when a majority of the Presidium (called the “anti-party” group) tried to oust Khrushchev, Zhukov provided the airplanes that transported members of the Central Committee from distant regions of the country to Moscow, thus shifting the political balance in Khrushchev’s favour (June 1957). As a consequence, Zhukov was promoted to full membership in the Presidium (July 1957). But Khrushchev could not tolerate the marshal’s persistent efforts to make the army more autonomous; as a result, on October 26, 1957, Zhukov was formally dismissed as minister of defense and a week later was removed from his party posts. Remaining in relative obscurity until Khrushchev fell from power (October 1964), Zhukov was later awarded the Order of Lenin (1966) and allowed to publish his autobiography in 1969.
This article was most recently revised and updated by Erik Gregersen.